Kukur Tihar : A Day of Dog Worshipping in Nepal

By Bina Panta
General Secretary SPCA Nepal

Kukur Tihar, also referred to as Dog Puja, is a vital aspect of the renowned Hindu celebration of Tihar (Deepawali) and holds substantial cultural and religious merit in Nepal. This festival commemorates the profound connection between humans and dogs, recognizing their friendship and unwavering loyalty. Kukur Tihar exemplifies the sanctity of animals in Hindu beliefs and Nepalese culture by venerating dogs. Although the exact origins of Kukur Tihar remain somewhat ambiguous, it is celebrated on the second day of Tihar, and both Hindu mythology and the esteemed role of dogs in Nepalese society have significantly contributed to its importance.

Deeply ingrained in Nepalese cultural practices, Kukur Tihar embodies a unique facet of the nation's cultural identity and legacy as observed by generations past. It is a distinct celebration rooted firmly in Nepalese customs. Though individuals enthusiastically partake in the festivities, at times leading them away from daily obligations, consistent care and attentiveness for dogs throughout the year can prove challenging. Nevertheless, the fervor displayed during Kukur Tihar highlights the deep appreciation that Nepalis hold for the role dogs have in their lives. Dogs are honored for their loyalty, and Kukur Tihar provides an opportunity for people to express gratitude for the unwavering companionship and faithfulness these animals offer. Loyalty plays a significant role in both Hindu mythology and everyday life.

Moreover, Hinduism espouses a more encompassing concept of harmony with nature, emphasizing the value of various elements within it. An interwoven existence with animals, including dogs, is deemed crucial to this holistic framework. While different nations and cultures may also have customs celebrating animals through an assortment of festivities, Kukur Tihar specifically concentrates on dogs by melding Hindu mythological stories with cultural traditions and by honoring animals within society. Dogs maintain an association with Bhairav, a ferocious manifestation of Lord Shiva in Hindu mythology. The veneration for Bhairav and the exalted status of dogs as sacred animals within Hinduism have greatly contributed to the esteemed place dogs hold in Nepalese culture. Kukur Tihar traditions honoring dogs serve as fundamental embodiments of Hindu beliefs and Nepalese heritage, displaying the revered position of dogs within society and culture.

Kukur Tihar stands as a unique cultural custom. Concurrently, although dog worship and celebration may not be practiced globally, societies worldwide acknowledge the importance of these animals through diverse festivals, customs, and occasions. Alongside Kukur Tihar, global celebrations pay homage to canines and various other creatures in numerous ways. Despite differing particulars and origins, Kukur Tihar's adulation of dogs represents a singular aspect of Nepalese and Hindu culture. Yet, the more extensive notion of valuing dogs transcends cultural boundaries by resonating on a universal level.

During Kukur Tihar in Nepal, dogs are lauded with garlands, tilak, and delectable treats as an expression of gratitude for their unwavering loyalty and companionship. Similarly, Japan’s Inugoya festival pays tribute to dogs each year with parades, traditional clothing, and prayers for canine health and happiness. Various Christian denominations conduct blessings for animals on occasions such as St. Francis Day; for instance, in the United States, dog owners bring their pets to churches for blessings, and dedicated dog festivals are organized in their honor. Russia's Yakutsk festival showcases Siberian Husky races along with traditional customs that underline these dogs' historical and cultural significance regionally.

In Mexico, the tradition of Día de los Perros allows people to shower affection on their beloved canine companions through shared activities. Likewise, International Dog Day on August 26 fosters global appreciation for dogs of all kinds. These examples demonstrate the universal ways human societies honor dogs, though cultural festivals like Kukur Tihar have unique traditions.

As part of the prominent Hindu festival of Tihar, Kukur Tihar plays a vital role in Nepali society. Its rituals of garlanding, feeding, and blessing dogs encourage active community participation and hands-on bonding. While some dog celebrations are confined to a single day, Kukur Tihar promotes year-round compassion and animal welfare through education initiatives.

Unlike modern events like International Dog Day, Kukur Tihar represents an ancient cultural heritage passed down through generations. Its foundations lie in Hindu tales tying dogs to the deity Bhairav, giving spiritual meaning to the rituals. The festival's focus on community street dogs highlights local orientation.

By bringing neighborhoods together to honor surrounding dogs, Kukur Tihar fosters social cohesion and empathy on an intimate level. The celebrations strengthen bonds within communities and between humans and canines. In this way, Kukur Tihar nurtures virtues like loyalty while contributing to cultural identity and social harmony.

SPCA Nepal collaborates with Kathmandu Metropolitan City to manage community dogs through a humane birth control program. This initiative highlights responsible management practices for community dogs from a compassionate standpoint.