Rhododendrons are flowering shrubs or trees that are widely distributed throughout Nepal. While they are known for their beautiful and colorful flowers, certain species of rhododendrons can be toxic if ingested. In Nepal, the species of rhododendron that are toxic are R. arboreum and R. anthopogon.
The toxic compounds are called grayanotoxins, which are found in the leaves, flowers, nectar, and honey made from the nectar of these plants. Grayanotoxins can cause a range of symptoms, including dizziness, weakness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, low blood pressure, and irregular heartbeats. In severe cases, grayanotoxins can lead to seizures, coma, and even death. While poisoning from rhododendrons is rare, it is important for tourists visiting Nepal to be aware of the potential risks.
It is recommended to avoid ingesting any part of the plant and to be cautious when consuming honey made from the nectar of rhododendrons. If poisoning is suspected, immediate medical attention should be sought.