Bed bugs are small, reddish-brown insects that feed on human blood. They are typically found in beds, but can also infest other furniture, clothing, and luggage. Bed bugs are nocturnal and can be difficult to spot, but some signs of an infestation include bites on the skin, small bloodstains on bedding, and dark spots (fecal matter) on bedding or walls.
To avoid bringing bed bugs into your home, be careful when traveling and inspect hotel rooms for signs of an infestation. When returning home from a trip, unpack luggage outside and wash clothing in hot water. It's also important to regularly inspect and vacuum your mattress and furniture. If you do discover bed bugs in your home, it's best to hire a professional exterminator.
Bed bugs are notoriously difficult to get rid of on your own, and may require multiple treatments. While waiting for a professional, you can use bed bug-proof mattresses and box spring encasements to prevent further infestation. Additionally, you can use a handheld steamer to kill bed bugs and their eggs on mattresses, furniture, and other items.
If you are bitten by a bed bug, the bites usually appear as red, itchy welts. You can use over-the-counter anti-itch creams or antihistamines to relieve symptoms. In rare cases, some people may have an allergic reaction to bed bug bites, which can cause severe itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing. If you experience these symptoms, seek medical attention immediately.