Nestled between the towering Himalayas and the dense jungles of India, Nepal's Terai-Duar Savannas and Grasslands provide a stunning showcase of the country's ecological diversity. This unique landscape, often overshadowed by Nepal's more famous mountainous regions, is home to an incredible array of wildlife, flora, and bird life that will captivate any nature enthusiast. Here, we will take a journey through these astounding grasslands to discover the rich and unique biodiversity that lies within.
The Terai-Duar Savannas and Grasslands stretch across the southern lowlands of Nepal, comprising a mix of savanna, grassland, and woodland habitats. They are part of the larger Indo-Gangetic Plain in South Asia. The word “Terai” refers to a strip of fertile land sandwiched between the Himalayan foothills and the plains of northern India. Likewise, “Duar” denotes the forested tracts in the region. This amalgamation creates habitats that support a wide variety of plant and animal species.
One of the primary attractions of these grasslands is their remarkable wildlife. Home to some of Asia's most charismatic species, this region plays host to an impressive lineup of animals. Among them are critically endangered species like Bengal tigers, one-horned rhinoceroses, wild elephants, and swamp deer. Smaller yet equally captivating creatures such as golden jackals, hog deer, and Indian porcupines also roam these plains.
The grasslands' rich bird life is another highlight for visitors. A staggering 369 bird species have been documented in this area alone! These diverse avian inhabitants range from migratory species such as the Sarus crane to striking residents like the red-headed trogon or greater flameback woodpecker. Furthermore, many threatened species such as the slender-billed vulture, white-rumped vulture, and Bengal florican can also be spotted in this spectacular region.
To complement its wildlife, the Terai-Duar Savannas and Grasslands boast a phenomenal range of plant life. Over 750 plant species have been identified in the area, including unique landscapes of Sal forests, mixed hardwood forests, and riverine or floodplain forests. During the monsoonal season, these lush ecosystems are often adorned with vibrant wildflowers and tall grasses that provide crucial resources to various animal species.
Nepal's Terai-Duar Savannas and Grasslands are undoubtedly a treasure trove of ecological wealth. Despite facing numerous threats due to deforestation, agricultural expansion, and poaching, conservation efforts are ongoing to ensure the survival of this irreplaceable habitat. If you're visiting Nepal, don't miss the opportunity to experience the unparalleled beauty and diversity of these extraordinary grasslands.