The Purple Sapphire, also known as Heliophorus epicles, is a small butterfly in the Lycaenidae family, which encompasses blues, coppers, and hairstreaks. Jean Baptiste Godart first described the species in 1823. Its scientific name originates from the Greek words helios (sun) and phoros (bearer), in reference to the vivid purple hue of the male butterfly. The Purple Sapphire is considered a symbol of good fortune in some cultures and is prevalent among sapphires.
Habitat of The Purple Sapphire Butterfly
Typically found at elevations between 600 and 2100 meters above sea level, they have also been spotted as low as 200 meters. As a common butterfly, it can be found in various environments such as forests, woodlands, and gardens – often inhabiting roadside verges, expansive grassy forest paths, or old quarries converting back to grassland and scrub. These butterflies tend to remain close to the ground and can be observed along forest trails and clearings
Characteristics of The Purple Sapphire (Heliophorus epicles) Butterfly
The upper sides of the wings boast deep purple and metallic blue hues, evoking the precious gemstone they are named after. These colors transition and glimmer in the light, granting the butterfly a spellbinding and otherworldly presence. Beneath the wings lies a stunning blend of yellow, red, black, and white. Both genders share a similar appearance, although the female displays larger orange markings on her forewing.
On the other hand, the wing's underside exhibits distinct coloration. Encompassing a mix of white, gray, and black, the hinder wings are embellished with elaborate designs and markings. These patterns heighten the butterfly's allure while also functioning as camouflage, allowing it to seamlessly blend into its environment and escape potential predators.
The male of this species can be identified by its prominent forewing apex, straight termen, deep glossy purple upper side, and either a lack of discal markings on the underside or the presence of minimal dots between the base and the red marginal region.
Both genders can be spotted, if fortunate, around shrubbery and tall plants in full sunshine at the edge of the forest, where they flit from one bloom to another. Their behavior is reminiscent of hairstreaks - the males often linger on bushes, typically holding their wings slightly open.
Males are highly territorial and aggressively protect their domain. When two males encounter each other, they partake in an energetic aerial display, spiraling and weaving in tight loops until one finally falls behind, allowing the other to return to his resting spot. However, the defeated male seldom learns from this experience and frequently re-enters the victor's territory, leading to multiple pursuits.
They have a wingspan ranging from 28 to 34 millimeters.
Lifecycle of The Purple Sapphire (Heliophorus epicles) Butterfly
The entire life cycle of Heliophorus epicles remains somewhat elusive. It is probable that these creatures lay their eggs individually on the upper surface of leaves near the stem, similar to other members of the Lycaenini tribe. The larvae are presumed to be plump and shaped like woodlice, typically resting beneath the leaves.
Although their specific food sources are unknown, they are most likely herbaceous plants from either the Polygonaceae or Plumbaginaceae families.
Discovering The Purple Sapphire Butterfly in Nepal: Season and Locations
The Purple Sapphire butterfly is quite common, making it easy to encounter in Nepal in various environments such as forests, woodlands, and open areas within their altitude range.
Conclusion
While the Purple Sapphire butterfly is not currently considered endangered, it faces various threats due to habitat loss, deforestation, and the impacts of climate change. It serves as a reminder of the delicate balance of nature and the need to protect and conserve our natural ecosystems,
Encountering a Purple Sapphire butterfly in its natural habitat is truly a magical experience. Its radiant colors and graceful flight serve as a reminder of the beauty and diversity of the natural world. By appreciating and preserving the habitats that support these magnificent creatures, we can ensure that future generations can also enjoy the wonder of the Purple Sapphire butterfly and other species that make our planet so extraordinary.