The Lesser Coucal, scientifically known as Centropus bengalensis, is a captivating and lesser-known bird species that deserves attention, particularly for those who share a passion for bird-watching and ornithology. With its unique appearance and strong presence in various parts of Nepal, the Lesser Coucal displays fascinating traits and behaviors that make it an interesting subject for both casual observers and bird enthusiasts. In this article, we will explore the key features of this distinctive bird species and uncover its remarkable presence in Nepal's diverse ecosystem.
Characteristics of the Lesser Coucal
The Lesser Coucal belongs to the Cuculidae family, which includes various species of cuckoos. This striking bird measures around 38-40 cm in length and typically weighs between 95-110 grams. Its distinct features include a long tail with a blackish-brown upper body, chestnut wings, and red eyes surrounded by dark skin. The plumage on its belly varies from white to pale grey-buff.
Lesser Coucals mainly reside in grasslands with ample tree cover or dense vegetation that provides them with shelter and protection from predators. They are known for their secretive behavior, often skulking in thickets or tall grasses, making it a challenge for observers to spot them.
Diet and Feeding Habits
Like most members of the Cuculidae family, the Lesser Coucal primarily feeds on insects. Their diet mainly comprises caterpillars, grasshoppers, dragonflies, crickets, beetles, and occasionally small mammals like rodents. These birds usually hunt by moving stealthily through grassy habitats while scanning the ground for prey.
Breeding and Nesting
Lesser Coucals are monogamous and are known to form long-lasting pair bonds. During the breeding season, which varies across their geographic range, the male performs a courtship ritual to attract his mate. The intricate dance involves the male puffing up his feathers and jumping with stretched wings.
The nest is built close to the ground using grass and leaves, often resembling a domed structure with an accessible entrance. Both the male and female participate in nest construction, incubation of eggs, and feeding of hatchlings.
Lesser Coucal Presence in Nepal
Nepal boasts an incredibly diverse ecosystem with vast habitats that support numerous bird species, including Lesser Coucals. Areas such as Chitwan National Park, Bardia National Park, and Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve are just a few of the prominent locations where bird enthusiasts can encounter these mysterious birds.
Conservation Status
Currently classified as "Least Concern" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Lesser Coucal population is generally stable. However, it is essential to remain vigilant about potential threats such as habitat destruction or degradation due to deforestation and agricultural expansion.
In conclusion, the Lesser Coucal stands out as an intriguing bird species with unique characteristics that capture the imagination of bird-watchers everywhere. Their presence in Nepal provides an opportunity for enthusiastic observers to study and appreciate these elusive birds within the incredible biodiversity this country has to offer.