Nestled in the heart of the Himalayan region, Nepal is a bird-watcher's paradise, boasting a diverse range of over 900 bird species. Among these fascinating avian creatures is the ashy-crowned sparrow-lark (Eremopterix griseus), a small and unassuming yet captivating bird that will surely pique the interest of any wildlife enthusiast. Also known by the alternate names: ash-crowned sparrow-lark, ashy-crowned finch-lark, black-bellied finch-lark, and black-bellied sparrow-lark, this species is a small sparrow-sized member of the lark family. The ashy-crowned sparrow-lark was originally placed in the genus Alauda.
Let us delve deeper into the habitat, behavior, and distinctive characteristics of this intriguing bird species.
Habitat and Distribution
The ashy-crowned sparrow-lark can be found in various parts of Nepal, particularly in the Terai region which encompasses lowlands and grasslands on the southern border with India. The bird favors open habitats with sparse vegetation, such as dry river beds, cultivated lands, scrublands, and arid plains. This flexible habitat choice allows these birds to thrive in areas where human activity has had a significant impact on the landscapes.
Physical Appearance and Identification
A small and stocky bird with a size of 11-12 cm (4-5 inches), the ashy-crowned sparrow-lark is well-known for its distinctive dark “ashy” head capped with a rusty crown – a feature from which its name derives. This species exhibits sexual dimorphism; males are more strikingly marked than females, with contrasting black-and-white patterned wings and dark patches on their reddish-brown chests. Females tend to have duller plumage for better camouflage during nesting.
Behavior and Vocalisations
The ashy-crowned sparrow-lark is a ground-dwelling bird that prefers to walk or run rather than fly whenever possible. Its flight, when needed, consists of short bursts interspersed with glide-like movements. These birds are often observed in pairs or small family groups, foraging on the ground for insects, seeds, and other plant material. Their primary vocalizations consist of a series of melodious and repetitive trills, calls that can be easily recognized by experienced birdwatchers.
Breeding and Nesting Habits
Breeding season for the ashy-crowned sparrow-lark typically spans from March to September. The species exhibits unique nesting habits: they build their nests in shallow depressions on the ground, usually concealed under a tuft of grass or a small bush for protection against predators. Nests are constructed primarily using grasses and are lined with softer materials like feathers. Female ashy-crowned sparrow-larks usually lay 2-4 eggs, which are incubated by both parents for a period of around 12-14 days.
The ashy-crowned sparrow-lark is just one of many intriguing bird species found in the diverse landscapes of Nepal. As persistent habitat changes pose an ongoing threat to these birds, it becomes increasingly vital for bird lovers and conservationists to work together in protecting these fascinating creatures and appreciating the wonders of Nepal's unique avifauna.