The Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola) is a fascinating bird species that has captured the interest of birdwatchers, ornithologists, and nature enthusiasts alike. In this article, we'll dive into the world of the Wood Sandpiper, exploring its taxonomy and physical features, habitat and diet, breeding and nesting habits, and its presence in Nepal. So whether you're an avid birdwatcher or simply curious about this captivating creature, read on to discover all there is to know about the Wood Sandpiper.
Taxonomy and Physical Features
Belonging to the family Scolopacidae and genus Tringa, the Wood Sandpiper is closely related to other waders like the Redshank, Greenshank, and Marsh Sandpiper. While their taxonomy may be complex, their physical features are distinctive enough to help you identify them in the wild. Adult Wood Sandpipers boast a length of 18-21 cm (7-8 inches), with a wingspan ranging from 38-41 cm (15-16 inches).
Their predominantly brown back is peppered with bold black streaks giving them excellent camouflage in their preferred habitats. Their underparts are white with dark streaks on the breast fading into clean white on their belly and vent. A distinguishing feature of this species is a bold white stripe visible above their eye known as a supercilium.
Habitat and Diet
Wood Sandpipers can be found across a wide range of habitats, making them incredibly adaptable birds. They primarily inhabit wetlands, marshes, and swampy areas like those found in peatlands, riverbanks, or damp grassland areas. During migration and non-breeding seasons, they can also be found in paddy fields or temporary pools providing suitable feeding grounds for them.
Speaking of feeding â the diet of a Wood Sandpiper consists primarily of insects, small crustaceans, worms, and at times small fish. Their technique for foraging involves both active probing in shallow water, often with rapid strokes, and walking around with intent.
Breeding and Nesting
The breeding season for Wood Sandpipers typically begins in late spring or early summer. Nests are built on the ground, often concealed by surrounding vegetation. The female lays a clutch of 3-4 eggs which are incubated by both parents over a span of 21-22 days. Once hatched, the chicks are precocial â meaning they're able to leave the nest very soon after hatching.
Presence in Nepal
Nepal is home to an astonishing diversity of bird species due to its varied ecosystems and altitude gradients. The Wood Sandpiper is among these avian residents, inhabiting wetland areas across a broad altitudinal range. Notably, Chitwan National Park is an excellent destination to spot this species during their migration period.
In conclusion, the Wood Sandpiper is an intriguing and versatile bird that can be found in various habitats across the globe. As you explore the great outdoors or venture into Nepal's breathtaking landscapes, keep your eyes peeled for this beautiful wader - you just might be lucky enough to spot one!